先锋书店 碧山书局
荣获 意大利 A Design Award金奖、金外滩金奖、加拿大AZ Award入围、美国Architizer A+Awards特别入围奖
徽州文化，是江南烟雨浸润的一轴长卷，是镌刻在徽州人血脉中的精神密码。它以白墙黛瓦为纸，以木雕石础为墨，以商贾儒士为笔，静静地书写在青山绿水之间，诉说着千年岁月的沧桑与辉煌，将农耕文明的厚重与商贾智慧的灵动熔铸成中华传统文化的一脉精魂。
Huizhou culture is a scroll moistened by the smoky rain in the south of the Yangtze River, and it is the spiritual code engraved in the blood of Huizhou people. It takes white walls and tiles as paper, wood carvings and stone foundations as ink, and merchants and Confucians as pens, quietly writing in the green mountains and waters, telling the vicissitudes and splendor of a thousand years, and melting the heaviness of the farming civilization and the spirit of the wisdom of the merchants into a vein of the essence of traditional Chinese culture.
据《新安志》里的记载，早在隋朝开国时期，碧山村便是歙州的治所（古徽州的政府驻地），是整个歙州的心脏。如今依然保留了上百座完好的徽派古宅，“山高田广，阡陌如绣，白墙黑瓦，鳞次栉比” 的风貌犹存。以民居、祠堂和牌坊最为典型，被誉为“徽州古建三绝”，承载着历史的厚重与文化的灵韵。
According to the record of Xin’an Zhi, as early as the founding of the Sui Dynasty, Bishan Village was the seat of Shezhou (the governmental seat of ancient Huizhou), and was the heart of the whole Shezhou. Today still retains hundreds of intact Huizhou ancient houses, “high mountains and fields, such as embroidery, white walls and black tiles, rows and rows” of the style still exists.The houses, ancestral halls and pagodas are the most typical ones, which are known as the “Three Greatest Ancient Buildings of Huizhou”, carrying the heaviness of history and the spiritual charm of culture.
在这个小村落里，坐落一座汪氏家祠——启泰堂，建于清嘉庆年间，距今已有230余年。而这座经历无数历史时间的小家祠于2014年注入了新的血液——碧山书局，是彼时南京先锋书店的第八家分店，也是颇具开创意义的第一家先锋乡村书局。先锋书店十年来致力于扎根乡村，不是商业的诉求，而是文化传播的自觉和勇气，让那些最难能读到书的地区有了因读书爱书而聚集的公共文化空间。
In this small village, there is a Wang family shrine, Qitai Hall, built in the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, more than 230 years ago. This small ancestral hall, which has experienced countless hours of history, was infused with new blood in 2014 – LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ), the eighth branch of Nanjing LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE at that time, and also the first Countryside Bookstore of Nanjing LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE with a pioneering significance. LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE has been committed to taking root in the countryside for ten years, not as a commercial appeal, but as a conscious and courageous approach to cultural dissemination, so that those areas where it is most difficult to be able to read books have a public cultural space where people gather because they read and love books.
在沧海桑田的变迁中，碧山书局为浮躁的现代人保存了一剂文化的解药，提醒我们真正的文化传承，不在博物馆的展览中，而在寻常巷陌的人间烟火里，生生不息。
Amidst the vicissitudes of change, LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ) has preserved a cultural antidote for the fickle modern man, reminding us that the real cultural heritage is not in the exhibitions of museums, but in the human fires of the ordinary lanes and alleys, where it is alive and well.
01-
与古为新：守住才有发扬
Keeping up with the old is the new: Keeping up is the way to go.
设计怎么让人与历史、文化更好的结合，首先我们要搞清楚到底守住什么？发扬什么？
How to design a better combination of people, history and culture, first of all, we have to figure out what to keep? What should be promoted?
经历了十年的时间冲刷、日晒雨淋，碧山书局也面临了许多运营难题，天井两边的文创产品和书籍，因长期热晒出现褪色爆裂，极大地增加了店内的耗损量。遇到梅雨天气，地面返潮对木质书柜的损伤也显而易见。十年后的水吧运营需求加大，出现了很多供电和设备排水的问题。旁边的牛圈咖啡馆更是因为棚顶保温问题，不能达到一个舒适的供客人歇息的环境。原有楼梯空间促狭并逐年残破，增加了许多上下客人的危险。
After ten years of time, sun and rain, LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore )has also faced many operational problems. The cultural and creative products and books on both sides of the patio have faded and cracked due to long-term heat exposure, which has greatly increased the amount of wear and tear in the store. In rainy weather, the damage to the wooden bookcases caused by the return of moisture to the ground is also evident. After ten years, the operation of the water bar has increased in demand, and many problems with power supply and equipment drainage have arisen. The Bull pen Café next to the store had problems with the insulation of the roof and could not provide a comfortable environment for customers to rest. The original staircase was cramped and deteriorated over the years, increasing the risk to customers.
设计之初，当先锋书店把现实问题一个个列给我们时，我们觉得这个项目的难点不仅仅是解决这些运营难题，而是一个文物保护建筑如何找到一种历史和现代的平衡，既要保护这座家祠的原有特色，又要让其能够适应现代社会的需求。碧山书局需要有更明确的经营策略和计划，这都需要契合时代消费和需求的变化，进行与时俱进地思考。如果过度保护而束缚了空间的市场化发展，使碧山书局成为仅供观赏的展品，也就失去了其作为文化容器的价值。
At the beginning of the design process, when LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ) gave us a list of realistic problems, we felt that the difficulty of this project was not just solving these operational challenges, but how a heritage building can find a balance between history and modernity, preserving the original characteristics of this ancestral temple while enabling it to adapt to the needs of modern society. The LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ) needs to have a clearer business strategy and plan, all of which need to be adapted to the changing consumption and needs of the times, and to think with the times. If the market-oriented development of the space is hampered by over-protection, the LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ) will become an exhibit for viewing only, and its value as a cultural container will be lost.
我们翻查资料了解国家对不同级别的文保建筑有明确的保护规范，文保建筑更新是“以文保建筑为载体，通过活化实现历史、文化的复兴和文明的延续和可持续发展”。更新本身需要基于对历史和文化的尊重，体现人类对过去的认知和理解。
We have looked up the information to understand that the China has clear protection norms for different levels of cultural heritage buildings, and that the renewal of cultural heritage buildings is “to use cultural heritage buildings as a carrier, and to realize the revival of history and culture, as well as the continuation and sustainable development of civilization through revitalization”. Renewal itself needs to be based on respect for history and culture, reflecting human knowledge and understanding of the past.
同时我们查找了一些国内外成功改造的设计案例，如：上海的新天地，曾经破旧的石库门里弄在更新改造后，摇身一变成为集时尚餐饮、购物、娱乐为一体的商业文化街区。在改造过程中，保留了石库门建筑的外观和部分内部结构，青砖黛瓦、雕花门楣依旧散发着浓郁的海派风情。这些通过创新性的商业运营模式吸引了大量国内外游客，不仅有效提升了文保建筑的经济效益，也唤醒了人们对这一区域深厚历史文化的领地意识与归属感。
At the same time, we have looked up some successful transformation design cases in China and abroad, such as: Xintiandi in Shanghai, where the once dilapidated Shikumen Lilong was transformed into a commercial and cultural neighborhood integrating fashionable catering, shopping and entertainment after the renewal and transformation. In the process of remodeling, the appearance and part of the internal structure of the Shikumen buildings are preserved, and the green bricks and carved lintels still exude a Hai-Pai Cultural Characteristics.These have attracted a large number of domestic and foreign tourists through innovative business operation models, which have not only effectively enhanced the economic benefits of the cultural heritage buildings, but also awakened people’s sense of territory and belonging to the area’s deep history and culture.
有了这些理论支持和案例参考，此次碧山书局更新的设计理念是让人们重新认识和体验这个具有历史意义的家祠，并非一味“守旧”，而是守住一种通过徽派建筑的外在风貌、功能和场景结合的沉浸体验，发扬对乡土文化的传承和创新，唤起人们对徽州历史的敬意和文化的体悟，为塑造一种归属感。
With these theoretical supports and case references, the design concept of this LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ) renewal is to let people re-recognize and re-experience this historically significant ancestral hall, not just “keeping the old ways”, but keeping a kind of immersive experience through the combination of Huizhou architecture’s outward appearance, functions and scenarios, to carry forward the inheritance of local culture and innovation, and to arouse the respect and cultural awareness of the history of Huizhou and to create a sense of belonging. People’s respect for the history of Huizhou and cultural understanding, in order to shape a sense of belonging.
02-
意不在此：屏风形态的立面设计
The intention is not here: the facade design in the form of a screen
首先对书柜的改造是整个设计的核心，为了减少地面潮湿对书柜的损坏，设计采用水泥板搭建书柜墙，再将原有旧书柜局部内嵌结合。整个书柜墙的形式灵感来源于中国绘画里的屏风，三面屏风围合的中心区域就是文人雅士日常活动的场域。
First of all, the transformation of the bookcase is the core of the whole design, in order to reduce the damage to the bookcase caused by the humidity on the ground, the design adopts the cement board to build the bookcase wall, and then combines the original old bookcase with the partial inlay. The form of the bookcase wall is inspired by the screen in Chinese paintings, and the center area surrounded by three screens is the daily activities of the literati.
艺术史家巫鸿在《重屏：中国绘画的媒介与表现》中这样描写中国绘画中屏风的意义：“屏风恰似乐谱中两个小节之间的连接符，把孤立的音符连接成连贯的旋律。”在中国绘画中，屏风是一种准建筑形式，对其所处的三维空间进行再度划分，屏风画不仅具有装饰功能，还能通过画面传达特定的情感和思想。五代南唐画家王齐翰的《勘书图》，画中屏风上绘制的田园景色和草堂，就象征着他隐退山野的生活。画家通过屏风这种媒介，将自然景物和人物形象融入室内环境，既能表现文人墨客追求的高雅情趣，又是文人内心世界的映象。
Art historian Wu Hong describes the significance of the screen in Chinese painting in Re-screening: The Medium and Expression of Chinese Painting : “The screen is just like the connecting note between two bars in a musical score, connecting the isolated notes into a coherent melody.” In Chinese painting, the screen is a quasi-architectural form that redraws the three-dimensional space in which it is located. Screen paintings not only have a decorative function, but also convey specific emotions and ideas through the picture. In the painting of the Southern Tang Dynasty painter Wang Qihan’s Kan Shu Tu , the idyllic landscape and the grassy hall painted on the screen symbolize his life of retreat in the mountains and the wilderness. Through the medium of the screen, the painter integrated natural scenery and figures into the interior environment, which could both express the elegance pursued by the literati and be a reflection of the literati’s inner world.
屏风书柜向后隐退，把观者的视线引向画面中心。两边的边线并不聚焦到某一个消失点上，而是集中在无形的中轴线上。对称的书柜因此并没有创造出一个让人产生幻觉的三维空间，而是标示出一个视觉中心之所在。
The screened bookcase recedes backward, drawing the viewer’s eye toward the center of the picture. The side lines on either side do not focus on a vanishing point, but on the invisible central axis. The symmetrical bookcases thus do not create an illusory three-dimensional space, but rather mark out the location of a visual center.
03-
天地大美：自然的建筑空间
The Great Beauty of Heaven and Earth: Natural Architectural Space
整个书局虽然是人文空间，但是不能为了人文而独立存在，我们的设计要与自然融合。步入书局仿佛穿越时空，天井是家祠的灵魂，四方的天空洒下缕缕阳光，雨水顺着屋檐滴落，非常唯美，而天井的地面也因为雨水的浇灌长有青苔，夏季排水沟处更是长满野生绿植，充满大自然的生机。
Although the whole bookstore is a humanistic space, it cannot exist independently for the sake of humanity, our design should be integrated with nature. Stepping into the bookstore is like traveling through time and space, the patio is the soul of the family shrine, the four sides of the sky sprinkled with sunshine, rainwater dripping down the eaves, very beautiful, and the floor of the patio because of the rain watering moss, the summer drainage ditches are full of wild greenery, full of nature’s vitality.
天井的屋檐是为了表达中国传统 “四水归堂” 的理念，象征着家族的团结和财富的聚集。既然是“四水归堂”，归到哪我们觉得也是值得设计的点。走进书局看到的是天井下回形的地面排水沟，我们改变原有的端景台，改为两个莲花石础架构一条长形碧山青石。
The eaves of the patio were designed to express the traditional Chinese concept of “four waters returning to the hall”, symbolizing the unity of the family and the gathering of wealth. Since “four waters return to the hall”, we thought it was worthwhile to design where the water would return to. When we walked into the bookstore, we saw the ground drainage ditch under the patio, and we changed the original end-viewing platform to two lotus stone bases with a long Bishan green stone.
这块青石是十年前碧山书局购入的，经过十年的天然磨炼已有裂纹，在搬运调整的过程中竟然裂开了，但是裂开后的青石奇特地呈现了原有的样貌——自然而未被修饰过的石材纹理，那一刻我们觉得确实回归了自然。“四水归堂”的终点到底是找到了。
This stone was purchased ten years ago by the LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ), and after ten years of natural refinement, it had cracks, and in the process of carrying and adjusting it, it cracked, but the cracked stone strangely presented its original appearance – a natural and untouched stone texture, and at that moment, we felt that we had indeed returned to nature. The end of “Four Waters to the Hall” was found.
除了面对自然的天井部分，室内部分也同样要讲述自然的语言。我们运用自然材料，如木材、竹子、石头等，来构建室内本身。这些材料不仅具有天然的美感，还能够与环境产生共鸣。书柜墙则是使用白色夯土涂层，是用于建筑外墙的材料，目的是既保证实用性，防治室内太潮湿对柜体的影响，但又让室内与户外没有明显界限。表面让工人师傅进行做旧处理，之后会在时空的变化中越来越有自己的韵味。
In addition to the part of the patio that faces nature, the interior part of the house also has to speak the language of nature. We use natural materials such as wood, bamboo, and stone to build the interior itself. These materials not only have a natural beauty but also resonate with the environment. The bookcase wall, on the other hand, is coated with white rammed earth, a material used for building exteriors, in order to both ensure practicality and combat the effects of too much humidity indoors on the cabinets, but to leave no clear boundaries between indoors and outdoors. The surface is allowed to be aged by the workers, after which it will grow to have its own flavor in time and space.
04-
乡土中国：村落的符号
Native China: Symbols of the Village
初到碧山时，我们发现村里的每家房子大小错落，俯瞰时像一块块大小不一的方形叠加，白墙黑瓦、鳞次栉比、错落有致，却是富有韵律和动感的视觉效果。于是在设计中把这种村落规划形式抽象成符号化，在白色的书柜墙上开出一个个大小错落的方框，让参观者在行走选购书籍的过程中，能感受到一种节奏和秩序的美感。
When we first arrived at Bishan, we found that every house in the village was of different sizes, overlooking like a square superposition of different sizes, with white walls and black tiles, lined up and staggered, but with rhythmic and dynamic visual effects. So in the design of this village planning form abstracted into a symbol, in the white bookcase wall open a box of different sizes, so that visitors in the process of walking and shopping for books, can feel a sense of rhythm and order of beauty.
有意思的是在拆除二楼正面的旧书柜后，原有的青砖墙意外露出原貌，大小不一的青砖竟各式各样，甚至有些撞色，完全是我们想要的村落符号，于是改了原稿设计索性保留砖墙，再给墙面挂了一排整齐的诗句节选。古朴的错落感和韵律感，和新加入整齐统一的诗句，造成了一种文化冲突和对照，就像我们把现代设计带进传统建筑一样，看似冲突也是一种融合和互文。
Interestingly, after removing the old bookcases on the front of the second floor, the original brick wall was accidentally revealed in its original form, with various sizes of bricks and even some clashing colors, which was exactly the symbol of the village that we wanted, so we changed the original design and retained the brick wall, and hung a row of neatly arranged poetic verses on the wall. The simple sense of rhythm and rhyme, and the new addition of neat and unified verses, created a cultural conflict and contrast, just as we bring modern design into traditional architecture, seemingly conflict is also a kind of fusion and intertext.
在咖啡馆设计中，将传统老家具的经典韵味与现代家具的简约美学巧妙融合。在这个空间里，乡村的人们得以悠然享受城市的先进产物，仿佛触手可及那远方都市的脉搏；而城市中忙碌的灵魂，则可以在这方静谧角落唤醒沉睡已久的乡村记忆。
In the design of the cafe, the classic flavor of traditional old furniture and the simple aesthetics of modern furniture are skillfully integrated. In this space, people in the countryside can leisurely enjoy the advanced products of the city, as if touching the pulse of the distant city; while the busy souls in the city can awaken the long-sleeping countryside memories in this quiet corner.
05-
结局或开始
The End or the Beginning
每个老建筑更新之时，总有外界的声音说新加入的东西改变了原有的老味道，仿佛那些剥落的墙皮、霉斑与裂缝才是唯一合法的时光认证，而新生的玻璃、木板与灯光是闯入历史宴席的不速之客。可他们忘了，建筑本就是一种活着的语言——砖石会呼吸，梁木会衰老，连青苔都在砖缝里重新度过四季。老建筑从来不是玻璃展柜里的展品，而是一段流动的记忆。当咖啡香从清代祠堂的梁柱间漫出时，那些新的故事，正在新时代的砖缝里重新发芽。
When each old building is renewed, there is always comments that the new additions have changed the original old flavor, as if those peeling wallpaper, mildew and cracks are the only legitimate time certification, while the new glass, wood panels and lights are intruding into the history of the feast of the uninvited guests. But they forget that architecture is a living language – masonry will breathe, beams and trees will age, and even moss will spend the seasons again in the cracks of the bricks. Old buildings are never exhibits in a glass showcase, but a flowing memory. When the aroma of coffee diffuses from the beams and columns of the Qing Dynasty Ancestral Hall, those new stories are sprouting again in the brick crevices of the new era.
正如李白曾在碧山留下的诗句：
《山中问答》
问余何意栖碧山，
笑而不答心自闲。
桃花流水窅然去，
别有天地非人间。
十年后重新出发的碧山书局，就像诗中所说的别有天地的桃花源一样，不是凡尘世界所能比拟的。
十年后重新出发的碧山书局，也不是旧味道和完成时，而是一个新的开始。
As Li Bai once left his poem in Bishan:
“Questions and Answers in the Mountain
He asked me why I wanted to live in Mount Bishan,
I smiled but did not answer.
Peach blossoms and flowing water go far and wide,
There’s a different world that’s not on earth.”
The LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ), restarted after ten years, is like the peach blossom garden of another world as described in the poem, not comparable to the world of the mortal world.
The LIBRAIRIE AVANT-GARDE ( Bishan Bookstore ) that restarts after ten years is also not the old flavor and completion time, but a new beginning.
项目地址：中国 安徽黄山 碧山
建筑空间设计：COD 云海设计
设计主创：赵云海
设计团队：江芃、黄晓红
摄影：骏尔天钦 阿骏
结构支持：杨志疆
材料支持：SAVIOLAB
照明支持：VEILO
完工日期：2024年12月
文案策划：江芃
欢迎转发分享
本站发布的图片及文字版权归云海设计所有，如需转载，请先与我们联系，我们会第一时间回复您，谢谢。
联系方式：186 5200 9177 （微信下方二维码）
公司地址：南京江东中路359号国睿大厦1号楼A座21F
公司邮箱：CloudOceanDesign@163.com
